Table 1. Metabolite levels of mulberry wine before and after fermentation

Metabolites RT1) Target MS VIP score Day 11 / Day 0(↑ / ↓2)) p-value3)
Lactic acid 4.97 117 1.12 ***
Glycolic acid 5.12 147 1.01 ***
2-Aminoethanol 7.02 174 1.06 ***
Leucine 7.25 158 1.11 ***
Glycerol 7.29 147 1.12 ***
Phosphoric acid 7.31 299 1.09 ***
Isoleucine 7.48 158 1.10 ***
Glycine 7.62 174 1.04 ***
Succinic acid 7.63 249 1.11 ***
Methionine 7.63 147 1.09 ***
Serine 8.10 204 1.09 ***
Alanine 8.71 248 1.04 **
Homoserine 8.90 218 1.06 ***
Aspartic acid 9.51 232 1.08 ***
4-Aminobutyric acid 9.60 174 1.03 ***
Threonic acid 9.74 147 1.06 ***
Quinic acid 12.18 345 1.12 ***
Glucose 12.42 103 1.12 ***
Glucosamine 12.57 203 1.11 **
Galactitol 12.70 217 1.10 ***
Glucuronic acid 12.80 333 1.09 ***
Gluconic acid 13.13 147 1.11 ***
Inositol 13.73 217 1.12 ***
Lactose 16.80 204 1.11 ***
RT, retention time.
The arrows (↓ and ↑) represent a decrease or increase in metabolite levels after fermentation (day 11) compared to before fermentation (day 0).
Symbols (*) indicate significant difference between the before fermentation (day 0) and after fermentation (day 11) group (*p<0.05; **p<0.01; *** p<0.001).