Table 5. Total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents of Platycodon grandiflorums depending on steaming methods and repeated steaming process

Samples1)	Total polyphenol contents (mg GAE2)/g)	Total flavonoid contents (mg RHE3)/g)
Control	10.99±0.09d4)	3.87±0.24d
Steaming	10.96±0.23d	2.91±0.21e
AS1	13.62±0.26c	5.79±0.21c
AS2	26.86±0.39b	9.23±0.12b
AS3	34.74±0.74a	12.53±0.12a

Control, not-steamed Platycodon grandiflorum; Steaming, steamed at 95°C and dried Platycodon grandiflorum; AS1, autoclave steamed and dried Platycodon grandiflorum by one time; AS2, autoclave steamed and dried Platycodon grandiflorum by two times; AS3, autoclave steamed and dried Platycodon grandiflorum by three times.
GAE, gallic acid equivalent.
RHE, rutin hydrate equivalent.
Values are mean±SD of triplicate determinations. Different superscripts within a column indicate significant differences (p<0.05).