Table 1. Changes in total decay rate and growth of Panax ginseng sprout (PGS) during cultivation

		Total decay rate (%)	Total length (cm)	Root (cm)	Stem (cm)	Root thickness (cm)	Number of leaves (ea)
Initial	CON¹⁾	-	-	10.63±1.56	-	4.67±0.69^b	-
7 days	CGS²⁾	5.45	16.16±2.87⁴⁾^b	11.19±2.40	4.97±1.06^b	5.18±0.64^b	7.73±3.15^c
	TGS³⁾1	3.84	14.88±2.89^c	11.92±2.72	2.96±1.20^d	5.26±0.54^ab	8.33±2.45^bc
	TGS2	2.03	16.00±3.08^ab	11.79±3.08	4.22±0.74^c	5.41±0.71^ab	9.80±3.00^ab
	TGS3	3.64	15.55±2.43^b	11.68±2.38	3.88±0.89^c	5.27±0.76^ab	10.50±2.85^a
	TGS4	12.73	17.19±2.57^a	11.61±2.13	5.58±1.59^a	5.61±0.85^a	11.07±2.92^a
F-value			3.136^*	0.350^NS	23.587^***	1.719^NS	7.233^***
		Total decay rate (%)	Total length (cm)	Root (cm)	Stem (cm)	Root thickness (cm)	Number of leaves (ea)
14 days	CGS	8.00	23.22±2.14^b	12.14±1.97^ab	11.08±1.39^b	4.85±0.66^c	8.77±2.81^c
	TGS1	4.00	23.84±2.76^b	13.15±2.74^a	10.67±1.07^b	5.09±0.78^bc	10.40±2.42^b
	TGS2	3.43	22.90±2.65^b	12.20±2.38^ab	10.70±1.32^b	5.41±0.68^b	11.03±2.51^b
	TGS3	4.45	23.75±2.74^b	13.43±2.97^a	10.31±1.67^b	5.46±0.62^b	11.53±2.53^b
	TGS4	14.18	26.30±3.44^a	11.03±2.20^b	15.27±2.11^a	5.92±0.79^a	12.87±2.53^a
F-value		6.990^***	4.407^**	52.965^***	9.863^***	10.688^***
		Total decay rate (%)	Total length (cm)	Root (cm)	Stem (cm)	Root thickness (cm)	Number of leaves (ea)
21 days	CGS	8.36	22.80±2.67^c	11.60±2.10^c	11.20±1.80^c	4.47±0.82^c	8.47±2.96^b
	TGS1	4.65	30.45±3.14^a	12.59±2.78^ab	17.86±2.03^a	4.57±0.55^ab	11.17±2.64^a
	TGS2	4.24	29.12±3.92^b	13.15±2.61^a	15.98±2.44^b	4.92±0.72^b	11.23±2.56^a
	TGS3	4.65	30.82±3.89^a	13.89±3.54^a	16.93±2.47^ab	4.90±0.57^b	12.00±2.94^a
	TGS4	15.09	28.26±3.85^b	11.34±3.04^c	16.91±3.26^ab	5.54±0.58^a	12.67±3.10^a
F-value		25.223^***	4.154^**	34.861^***	12.134^***	9.471^**

CON, initial ginseng seed.
CGS, control ginseng sprout.
TGS, treated ginseng sprout.
Values are mean±SD. Different letters within a column are significantly different (p<0.05).
^*p<0.05, ^**p<0.01, ^***p<0.000. NS, not significantly.