Table 4. Organic acids of solid-fermented mesh depending on grain materials

Organic acids (mg/L)	The number of fermentation times	Sorghum	Corn	Wheat	Barley	Millet
Malic acid	1st	ND¹⁾	ND	ND	10.1±1.03^a	ND
	2nd	ND	ND	1.22±0.32^a	ND	ND
	3rd	ND	0.55±0.95^a	2.84±1.28^a	1.2±0.03	ND
Ascorbic acid	1st	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
	2nd	ND	ND	8.59±0.25^a	ND	ND
	3rd	ND	ND	5.7±0.39^a	6.05±0.57^a	9.73±16.86^a
Lactic acid	1st	75.26±9.26^a2)	63.13±19.8^a	27.28±3.59^b	28.32±1.37^b	27.41±5.11^b
	2nd	116.84±56.11^a	95.87±34.35^ab	51.78±23.59^b	43.59±14.03^b	92.33±14.17^ab
	3rd	82.05±45.89^a	89.98±12.17^a	63.31±17.84^a	98.26±3.21^a	71.28±9.69^a
Acetic acid	1st	45.52±9.08^a	28.69±6.73^b	15.33±2.85^b	20.22±1.11^bc	25.7±2.89^c
	2nd	143.1±157.45^a	52.94±5.31^a	28.51±16.83^a	40.21±15.25^a	83.43±63.09^a
	3rd	103.63±64.1^a	62.33±9.25^a	69.77±18.79^a	67.47±25.46^a	52.21±12.3^a
Citric acid	1st	ND	ND	4.89±2.8^b	16.08±2.3^a	18.9±0.84^a
	2nd	ND	ND	1.16±0.66^a	1.73±2.99^a	ND
	3rd	ND	ND	1.22±0.29^a	0.33±0.39^b	ND
Succinic acid	1st	40±2.06^a	31.26±7.65^b	11.5±0.43^d	16.45±2.22^cd	18.92±1.53^c
	2nd	40.87±6.55^a	27.06±12.31^b	17.53±1.35^b	12.84±3.8^b	22.45±7.74^b
	3rd	24.66±8.18^a	16.13±3.88^ab	19.92±1.48^ab	14.38±0.28^b	22.65±6.04^ab
Fumaric acid	1st	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
	2nd	ND	ND	0.58±1^a	ND	ND
	3rd	ND	ND	1.17±1.01^a	0.67±1.17^a	ND
Propionic acid	1st	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
	2nd	ND	ND	3.37±0.46^ab	6.84±6.33^a	ND
	3rd	ND	1.23±2.13^b	4.72±3.19^ab	4.74±0.88^ab	13.55±12.39^a

Not detected.
Mean±SD (n=3) within each column followed by different letters is significantly different (p<0.05).