Table 4. Antioxidant activity of powders from apple bugak coated with superfine rice and Wasabia koreana Nakai leaf powder

Bugak	GR¹⁾:NGR ratio (%)	Wasabia koreana leaf powder (%)	DPPH³⁾ (%)	ABTS (%)
Dried	100:0	0	8.69±1.39^b2)	21.99±0.56^b
		3	14.28±2.72^def	20.61±0.57^b
		5	14.48±1.30^def	21.91±1.26^b
	90:10	0	11.74±1.59^bcde	14.31±3.79^a
		3	16.71±1.20^f	24.19±1.65^bc
		5	15.20±1.27^ef	21.99±2.29^b
	80:20	0	11.05±0.85^bcd	14.52±1.17^a
		3	14.53±0.85^def	21.26±4.55^b
		5	17.01±0.45^f	24.48±8.51^bcd
Air-fried	100:0	0	3.08±4.03^a	26.47±2.85^bcde
		3	14.10±1.03^def	28.88±3.09^cde
		5	8.73±3.69^b	30.38±1.04^cde
	90:10	0	8.59±0.95^b	26.46±6.56^bcde
		3	8.97±2.21^bc	31.10±1.35^e
		5	12.31±1.40^cde	30.39±2.24^cde
	80:20	0	12.63±0.70^de	32.24±1.13^e
		3	12.42±0.32^cde	30.61±1.63^de
		5	14.40±1.85^def	30.39±2.05^cde
0.1% Vitamin C			50.97±2.83^g	28.70±1.54^cde

GR, glutinous rice; NGR, non-glutinous rice.
Different superscripts in a column indicate significant difference at p<0.05 by Duncan’s multiple range test. Values are means±SD (n=3).
DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity; ABTS, 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity.